Author: Mirza Saeed Ahmed Chughtai Advocate

FBR Tax Rate Card 2015-16

FBR Tax Rate Card 2015-16 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.    

Court Fees Act 1870

This Act may be called “The Court Fees Act, 1870.” It extends to the whole of Pakistan.  

Punjab Control of Narcotic Substances Act 2025

Punjab Control of Narcotic Substances Act 2025: Guide to Punishments The Punjab Control of Narcotic Substances Act 2025 is a stringent legal framework designed to eradicate drug trafficking and substance abuse. This Act provides a quantity-based sentencing model, with a specific focus on protecting educational environments and deterring repeat offenders.

Punjab Child Marriage Restraint Ordinance 2026

The Punjab Child Marriage Restraint Ordinance 2026 represents a historical shift in Pakistan’s provincial legal landscape. By establishing a uniform minimum age of 18 for both males and females, this Ordinance effectively eliminates gender-based legal distinctions and aligns Punjab’s child protection laws with international human rights standards.

Punjab Protection of Ownership of Immovable Property (Amendment) Ordinance 2026

The Punjab Protection of Ownership of Immovable Property (Amendment) Ordinance 2026 is a revolutionary update to the 2025 Act, specifically designed to dismantle the influence of land grabbing groups and “Qabza Groups” in the province. By establishing specialized Tribunals and expanding the scope of criminal liability to include corporate and religious entities, Punjab has significantly […]

FBR Tax Rate Card 2024-25

FBR Tax Rate Card 2024-25  for Individual, Association of Person (AOP), Business , Salary Persons and company etc. To download the FBR Tax Rate Card 2024-25 Pdf file click at the download button  

Punjab Bar Council Nomination Paper 2026–2030

Punjab Bar Council Nomination Paper 2026–2030 Punjab Bar Council Nomination Paper 2026–2030 (پنجاب بار کونسل نامزدگی فارم 2026-2030) Introduction | تعارف The Punjab Bar Council Nomination Paper 2026–2030 is now officially available for advocates who wish to contest elections. This form must be filled in English and submitted to the Returning Officer, Punjab Bar Council, […]

Affidavit for Punjab Bar Council Election 2025

Punjab Bar Council Election 2025: Affidavit and Eligibility In Pakistan, the Punjab Bar Council plays a vital role in regulating the legal profession and maintaining professional discipline. Every candidate contesting for the Punjab Bar Council Election 2025 must submit a formal affidavit (حلف نامہ) declaring compliance with eligibility criteria. This document confirms that the candidate […]

Special Power of Attorney (Draft Urdu)

Special Power of Attorney (Draft Urdu) Understanding a Special Power of Attorney خصوصی وکالت نامہ –جائزہ A Special Power of Attorney (SPA) is a legal document through which a person (called the principal) authorizes another person (the attorney) to act on their behalf in specific legal matters. Unlike a general power of attorney that covers […]

Special Power of Attorney (Draft)

Special Power of Attorney (Draft) Understanding a Special Power of Attorney: A Practical Overview A Special Power of Attorney (SPA) is a legal document through which an individual, known as the principal, grants specific legal powers to another person, referred to as the attorney, to act on their behalf in defined matters. This instrument is […]

Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act 2016 (Urdu)

الیکٹرانک جرائم کی روک تھام کا ایکٹ (پیکا) 2016: مکمل رہنمائی Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act 2016 (Urdu) پاکستان نے 18 اگست 2016 کو الیکٹرانک جرائم کی روک تھام کا ایکٹ (پیکا) 2016 نافذ کیا، جو سائبر جرائم سے نمٹنے اور ڈیجیٹل معلومات کی حفاظت کے لیے ایک اہم قانونی فریم ورک ہے۔ یہ ایکٹ […]

Punjab Consumer Protection Rules 2009

The Punjab Consumer Protection Rules, 2009 Introduction / تعارف It was notified by the Government of Punjab under Section 38 of the Punjab Consumer Protection Act, 2005. These rules aim to safeguard consumer rights and ensure fair practices in goods and services. پنجاب حکومت نے یہ قواعد 22 مئی 2009 کو پنجاب کنزیومر پروٹیکشن ایکٹ […]

Punjab Consumer Protection Act 2005 Urdu

پنجاب کنزیومر پروٹیکشن ایکٹ 2005: صارفین کے حقوق کی مکمل رہنمائی Punjab Consumer Protection Act 2005 ایک جامع قانونی نظام ہے جو صوبہ پنجاب میں صارفین کے حقوق اور مفادات کے تحفظ کے لیے بنایا گیا ہے۔ یہ ایکٹ ناقص مصنوعات، خراب خدمات اور غیر منصفانہ کاروباری طریقوں کے خلاف قانونی تحفظ فراہم کرتا ہے۔ […]

Abscondance and Bail بھگوڑا ہونا اور ضمانت

Abscondance and Bail بھگوڑا ہونا اور ضمانت Mirza Saeed Ahmed Chughtai Advocate High Court جب کوئی شخص کسی جرم میں ملوث ہوتا ہے اور پولیس اسے گرفتار کرنے کی کوشش کرتی ہے، اور وہ بھاگ جاتا ہے تو ا سے بھگوڑا” کہتے

Rent Lease Deed

Rent Lease Deed (کرایہ نامہ): Key Terms and Legal Responsibilities A well-structured Rent Lease Deed is essential to establish a clear understanding between the landlord and tenant. In Pakistan, specifically under the Punjab Rented Premises Act, a written and registered agreement is the only way to protect your rights in a Rent Controller’s court.

Financial Institution Ordinance 2001

The Financial Institutions (Recovery of Finances) Ordinance, 2001 is a significant legal framework in Pakistan that governs the recovery of finances by banks and financial institutions. It was enacted to ensure the smooth functioning of financial transactions and provide a streamlined process for financial institutions to recover their dues in cases of default. Objectives of […]

Punjab Enforcement and Regulation Act 2024

Punjab Enforcement and Regulation Act 2024 (PERA): A Comprehensive Guide The Punjab Enforcement and Regulation Act 2024 (PERA) is a landmark legislative initiative designed to modernize the enforcement of special laws across the province. Enacted on October 17, 2024, this Act establishes a specialized framework to combat artificial inflation, hoarding, and illegal encroachments through a […]

Punjab Saaf Pani Authority Act 2024

Punjab Saaf Pani Authority Act 2024: Ensuring Clean Water Access The Punjab Saaf Pani Authority Act 2024, enacted on October 17, 2024, represents a strategic legislative move by the Punjab government to centralize and enhance the provision of safe drinking water. By reconstituting the former Punjab Aab-e-Pak Authority, this Act creates a powerful new body—the (PSPA)—tasked […]

شاملات دہ زمین کے حقوق

شاملات دہ زمین کے حقوق       شاملات دہ زمین کے حقوق: اعلیٰ مالک اور ادنیٰ مالک کے قانونی تقاضے MLR-64 اور 1960 کے نوٹیفکیشن کے تحت شاملات دہ میں ملکیتی حقوق کا تعین ریونیو قوانین اور عدالتی نظائر کی روشنی میں شاملات دہ زمین کی تقسیم تقاضے

PUNJAB ARMS (AMENDMENT) ACT 2015

The Punjab Arms (Amendment) Act 2015 is a cornerstone of public safety legislation, designed to address the challenges of firearm proliferation and misuse. By introducing more rigorous oversight and harsher penalties, the Act aims to balance the right to self-defense with the state’s duty to maintain law and order.

Prevention of Electronic Crimes (Amendment) Act 2025

The Prevention of Electronic Crimes (Amendment) Act 2025 represents a major shift in Pakistan’s digital governance. By establishing the Digital Rights Protection Authority (DRPA), the state has moved toward a more centralized and specialized model for regulating social media and online content.

Constitution (Twenty-sixth Amendment) Act 2024

The Constitution (Twenty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2024, is a significant update to Pakistan’s constitution, passed by the Parliament on October 20-21, 2024. This amendment brings about key changes to the country’s judicial, parliamentary, and executive frameworks. 26 آئینی ترمیم پاکستان

FBR Tax Rate Card 2023-24

FBR Tax Rate Card 2023-24 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.

FBR Tax Rate Card 2019-20

FBR Tax Rate Card 2019-20 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.

FBR Tax Rate Card 2018-19

FBR Tax Rate Card 2018-19 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.    

FBR Tax Rate Card 2017-18

FBR Tax Rate Card 2017-18 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.    

FBR Tax Rate Card 2016-17

FBR Tax Rate Card 2016-17 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.

FBR Tax Rate Card 2015-16

FBR Tax Rate Card 2015-16 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.  

FBR Tax Rate Card 2014-15

FBR Tax Rate Card 2014-15 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.

FBR Tax Rate Card 2013-14

FBR Tax Rate Card 2013-14 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.

FBR Tax Rate Card 2012-13

FBR Tax Rate Card 2012-13 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.  

FBR Tax Rate Card 2011-12

FBR Tax Rate Card 2011-12 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.

FBR Tax Rate Card 2010-11

FBR Tax Rate Card 2010-11 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.To download a PDF copy of the FBR

FBR Tax Rate Card 2009-10

FBR Tax Rate Card 2009-10 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.  

FBR Tax Rate Card 2008-09

FBR Tax Rate Card 2008-09 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.    

FBR Tax Rate Card 2007-08

FBR Tax Rate Card 2007-08 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.    

FBR Tax Rate Card 2006-07

FBR Tax Rate Card 2006-07 for Individuals Business, Salary Person, Association of Person, Company etc.

5-Year LLB Syllabus Punjab

A Glimpse into the 5-Year LLB Syllabus Punjab In the pursuit of legal education, the 5-Year LLB Program in the Annual System stands as a structured and comprehensive journey for aspiring lawyers. This program, spanning five academic years, unfolds its curriculum in an annual fashion, offering students a well-rounded legal education. Let’s explore the distinctive […]

Power of Attorney Law in Pakistan

Under the normal circumstances for the purposes of legal process or to perform the legal duties or to transact in any other manner, person himself and if he is not in a position to do so may authorize anybody to act on his behalf. In first instance the person who gives right to the other […]

Hotels and Restaurants Law in Pakistan

Opening a Hotel or Restaurant The Pakistan Hotels and Restaurants Act, 1976 and The Pakistan Hotels and Restaurants Rules, 1977 is the law which deals with the registration and control of the hotels and restaurants. Owner of every restaurant or hotel shall from the opening apply to the controller for registration, without first getting the […]

Understanding Dishonoring of Cheques in Pakistan

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.   Introduction: A dishonored cheque, one that is refused payment by the bank due to insufficient funds or non-compliance, is a serious matter in Pakistan. Dishonestly issuing a cheque is considered a criminal offense and is governed by Section […]

Private Security Company Law in Pakistan

Disclaimer: This information is intended for general understanding and should not be considered legal advice.   Introduction: The establishment and operation of private security companies in Pakistan are governed by specific legal requirements. Understanding the key aspects of this legal framework is essential for individuals or groups intending to establish such companies.

Copyright Registration Law in Pakistan

Disclaimer: The information provided is for general understanding and informational purposes. It is not legal advice and should not be considered as such. For specific legal guidance, consult with legal professionals.

Patent & Design Registration Laws in Pakistan

Disclaimer: The information provided is for general understanding and informational purposes. It is not legal advice and should not be considered as such. For specific legal guidance, consult with legal professionals.

Trademark Registration Law in Pakistan

Disclaimer: The information provided is for general understanding and informational purposes. It is not legal advice and should not be considered as such. For specific legal guidance, consult with legal professionals.

Company Formation in Pakistan

Disclaimer: This information is intended for general understanding and should not be considered legal advice.   In a Sole Proprietorship registration in Pakistan business in Pakistan, an individual on his/her own account carries out the business or profession.

Company Registration in Pakistan

Any person may form a single member company in Pakistan. Single Member Company or “SMC” means a private company which has only one member/director and will avail privileges of limiting the liability. Subject to certain modifications, all the provisions of the companies-law-Pakistan-company-registration-Pakistan Companies Ordinance, 1984 which apply to private companies limited by shares will apply […]

Intellectual Property Law in Pakistan

Intellectual Property Rights are those rights which refers to the creations of the human mind such as artistic work; musical work; literary work; inventions; symbols; names; images; designs use in commerce; copyrights; trademarks; patents and related rights. These rights give exclusive right to the creators of such work to use, perform, transfer or sell these […]

Property & Real Estate Law in Pakistan

A Comprehensive FAQ City Laws Associates is involved in providing services and assistance to our valued clients in buying and selling of both movable and immovable properties & real estate in Pakistan. We also provide our services to facilitate the required permissions, etc. for setting up various industries, factories, commercial complexes, industrial and residential estates, […]

NPO & NGO Registration Law in Pakistan

City Laws Associates provides comprehensive legal services to non-profit organizations and associations in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. We provide services to businesses, institutions, educational, social, religious, individuals and families seeking to accomplish non-profit objectives.  In Pakistan there are numbers of laws for registration of non-profit organizations including the prominent Acts and Ordinances as The […]

Embarking on Business Setup in Pakistan

Disclaimer: This information serves as a general guide and is not a substitute for professional legal advice.   Introduction: Starting a business in Pakistan involves understanding various legal structures and procedures. The choice of business form depends on factors such as ownership, liability, and nature of the enterprise. Below are the primary forms of business […]

Navigating Family Laws in Pakistan

Disclaimer: This information is intended for general understanding and should not be considered legal advice. For specific cases, consult with a qualified legal professional.

Navigating Landlord-Tenant Relationships Law in Punjab

Disclaimer The Punjab Rented Premises Act, 2009 applies exclusively to the province of Punjab, Pakistan. This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Each case depends on its specific facts and circumstances.

Combatting Unlawful Occupation in Pakistan

Disclaimer The Illegal Dispossession Act Pakistan framework provides legal protection against unlawful occupation of property. This content is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Each case depends on its specific facts and circumstances.

Divorce Khula Law in Pakistan

Disclaimer The information provided in this Divorce Law Pakistan Guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Every case has unique circumstances.

Demystifying Copyright Laws in Pakistan

Disclaimer The information provided in this Copyright Law Pakistan Guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Each case has unique circumstances.

Navigating Foreign Company Registration Law in Pakistan

Disclaimer The information provided in this Foreign Company Registration Pakistan guide is for general guidance only and does not constitute legal advice. Each case may involve unique legal requirements. For professional assistance regarding company incorporation, branch or liaison office setup, and corporate compliance, please contact City Laws Associates.

Decoding Company Registration in Pakistan

Disclaimer The information provided here is for general guidance only and does not constitute legal advice. For professional assistance regarding company incorporation, registration, taxation, or corporate compliance in Pakistan, contact City Laws Associates.

Navigating Non-Profit Company Registration Law in Pakistan

Disclaimer The information provided here is for general guidance only and does not constitute legal advice. For professional advice regarding company incorporation, property, or real estate matters, contact City Laws Associates.

Navigating Society Registration Law in Pakistan

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for general guidance only and should not be considered legal advice. For legal advice on society formation, NGO registration, or compliance, contact City Laws Associates.

Engagement Terms and Conditions

Engagement Terms & Conditions FAQs Q. What are the general engagement terms with City Laws Associates?A. These terms govern the relationship between City Laws Associates and clients (کلائنٹس کے ساتھ تعلقات) and can only be modified through mutual written consent (تحریری رضامندی).

Partition Suits and Its Methodology

PARTITION SUITS AND ITS METHODOLOGY IN PAKISTAN In the Courts of Pakistan, a huge number of partition suits are pending adjudication. Currently, there is no proper mechanism within the revenue hierarchy, revenue department, or other law-enforcing institutions to effect the partition of properties without constraining the owners to approach the Courts of law. The difference […]

Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act 2016

This Act may be called the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act 2016. It extends to the whole of Pakistan. It shall apply to every citizen of Pakistan wherever he may be and also to every other person for the time being in Pakistan.  

Child Marriage in Pakistan

Child Marriage in Pakistan اسلام آبادہائیکورٹ نے شادی کی عمر سے متعلق اہم فیصلہ سناتے ہوئے 18 سال سے کم عمر شادی کو غیر قانونی معاہدہ قرار دے دیا ہے۔ اسلام آباد ہائیکورٹ کے جسٹس بابر ستار نے 56 صفحات پر مشتمل فیصلہ جاری کیا جسٹس بابر ستار نے جاری کردہ فیصلے میں لکھا کہ […]

Second Marriage in Pakistan

Second Marriage in Pakistan دوسری شادی کرنیوالے ملزم شوہروں کے ٹرائل سے متعلق لاہور ہائیکورٹ کے جسٹس امجد رفیق نے بڑا فیصلہ جاری کردیا۔جسٹس امجد رفیق نے قانونی نکتہ طے کردیا کہ پنجاب بھر کے مجسٹریٹس پہلی بیوی کی اجازت کے بغیر دوسری شادی کرنے والے ملزم شوہر کے ٹرائل نہیں کر سکتے۔  جاتا ہے۔……

Family Citations

Family Citations فیملی کورٹ یا اپیلیٹ کورٹ فہرست گواہان کی لسٹ میں ترمیم نہ کر سکتی ہے. ۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔ (2020 MLD 554). 

Negotiable Instruments Act 1881

Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 The Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 holds great significance in Pakistan as it serves as a comprehensive legislation governing various aspects of negotiable instruments. These instruments include promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques, which are extensively used in commercial transactions and financial dealings. The Act provides a legal framework that ensures […]

Lawyers Welfare and Protection Act 2023

Lawyers Welfare and Protection Act 2023 Introduction The Lawyers Welfare and Protection Act 2023 is a crucial legislation aimed at providing security and protection to advocates and legal professionals in Pakistan.

Punjab Court of Wards Rules 1904

Punjab Court of Wards Rules 1904 In exercise of the powers conferred by Section 54 of the Punjab Court of Wards Act (II of 1903), the Financial Commissioner of the Punjab as Court of Wards for the Punjab with previous sanction of the Local Government is pleased to make the following rules:  

Special Marriage Act 1872

Special Marriage Act 1872 it is expedient to provide a form of marriage for persons who do not profess the Christian, Jewish, Hindu, Muhammadan, Parsi, Buddhist, Sikh or Jaina religion, and for persons who profess the Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh or Jaina religion] and to legalize certain marriages the validity of which is doubtful. It is […]

Sales Tax Act 1990 updated upto 23.02.2023

Sales Tax Act 1990 updated upto 23.02.2023 This Act may be called the Sales Tax Act, 1990. It extends to the whole of Pakistan. It shall come into force on such date as the Federal Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, appoint.

Complaint Resolution Procedure 2003

Complaint Resolution Procedure 2003 These regulations may be called the Complaint Resolution Procedure [for Natural Gas, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG),Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and refined oil products] Regulations, 2003. They shall come into force at once.

Schedule II Tabular Statement of Offences

Schedule II Tabular Statement of Offences (جرائم کی فہرست) Schedule II of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) provides a vital tabular statement of offences found within the Pakistan Penal Code. This legal table serves as a procedural roadmap, classifying crimes into categories such as those against the state, public tranquility, property, and the armed […]